Chlorination is one of the world’s most widely used water disinfection methods. Chlorine has been used for more than a century to protect drinking water from bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms. Unlike UV disinfection, chlorine also provides residual protection in storage tanks, pipelines and distribution systems.
Suitable for
- Drinking Water Distribution Networks
- Storage Tanks and Reservoirs
- Municipal Water Treatment Plants
- Emergency Water Supply
- Swimming Pools
- Food Processing
Advantages
- Effective against many bacteria and viruses
- Provides residual disinfection throughout the system
- Proven and globally established technology
- Relatively low capital cost
- Suitable for large water volumes
Limitations
- May affect taste and odour at higher doses
- Works best in relatively clear water
- Can form disinfection by-products when reacting with organic matter
- Requires proper dosing and monitoring
Common Chlorine Forms
- Sodium Hypochlorite
- Calcium Hypochlorite
- Chlorine Dioxide
- Chlorine Tablets
Example Treatment Trains
Raw Water
↓
Filtration
↓
UV Disinfection
↓
Chlorination
↓
Distribution Network
Filtration
↓
Chlorination
↓
Storage Tank
Well Water
↓
UV Disinfection
↓
Chlorination
↓
Storage Tank
Chlorination is often combined with other treatment technologies. UV disinfection, ozone and filtration reduce contaminants and microorganisms, while chlorine provides residual protection in storage tanks and distribution systems. Proper dosing is important because both excessive and insufficient chlorine levels can create problems.