Filtration is one of the most common water treatment methods and is used to remove particles, turbidity and suspended solids from water. Depending on water quality and treatment goals, anything from simple cartridge filters to sand filters, multimedia filters and membrane systems may be used.
Suitable for
- Sand and particles
- Turbid water
- Precipitated iron and manganese
- Surface water and lake water
- Pretreatment before UV or membranes
Advantages
- Robust and proven technology
- Can handle large water flows
- Low energy consumption
- Protects downstream treatment stages
Limitations
- Does not normally remove dissolved salts
- Does not remove fluoride
- Does not remove PFAS with conventional filters
- Does not normally remove bacteria and viruses without additional treatment
Common Filter Types
- Cartridge Filters
- Sand Filters
- Multimedia Filters
- Bag Filters
- Membrane Filters
Example Treatment Trains
Lake Water
↓
Mechanical Screening
↓
Sand Filtration
↓
Ozone Oxidation
↓
Activated Carbon Filtration
↓
UV Disinfection
↓
Fine filter
↓
Drinking Water
Well Water
↓
Aeration
↓
Iron Filter
↓
UV Disinfection
↓
Fine filter
↓
Drinking Water
Particle Filtration
↓
Reverse Osmosis
↓
UV Disinfection
↓
Drinking Water
Particle Filtration
↓
Activated Carbon or Ion Exchange
↓
UV Disinfection